Journal: Inflammation Research
Article Title: mTOR pathway mediates the endoplasmic reticulum stress -apoptosis of CD4+ T cell through inhibiting autophagy flux in sepsis
doi: 10.1007/s00011-025-02114-4
Figure Lengend Snippet: Deficient autophagy is observed under ER stress in sepsis and the role of mTOR on it. (A-E) With flow cytometry, the rates apoptosis of CD4 + T cells were detected in WT + CLP, mTOR KO + CLP, TSC1 KO + CLP, TSC1 KO + CLP + 4-PBA. (F, H). The expression level of LC3I/LC3II and P62, the markers of autophagy process were measured by western blotting. G , I – K Ultrastructural features of CD4 + T cells were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In WT group, CD4 + T cells had normal morphologies, revealing baseline autophagy status. WT + CLP mice displayed increased autophagic vacuolization but no significant increase in autolysosome frequency. Large autolysosomes containing abundant contents were seen. More autophagic vacuolization and more autolysosomes were showed in mTOR KO + CLP. Autophagosomes and autolysosomes were fewer in TSC1 KO + CLP mice. Autophagosomes were double-membrane vacuoles containing cytosol or organelles (red arrow). Autolysosomes were single-membrane structures containing digested cytoplasmic components (blue arrow). Means ± standard deviations (SDs) of four mice per group are shown. It was deemed statistically significant when P < 0.05. ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001
Article Snippet: The splenocyte suspension was incubated with CD4 + antibody (CD4 + T cells isolation Kit, mouse Miltenyi, 130–104-454), washed, and passed through a separation column for negative screening, and finally centrifuged to obtain CD4 + T cells.
Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Western Blot, Transmission Assay, Electron Microscopy, Membrane